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1.
Belo Horizonte; Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG; 20200000. 45 p.
Monography in Portuguese | ColecionaSUS, BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1129036

ABSTRACT

A XVII Jornada Acadêmica de Saúde mental é um evento que busca aproximar os estudantes de cursos variados do campo de estudo da Saúde Mental. Além de aulas ministradas na forma de palestras, os acadêmicos são convidados a produzirem trabalhos para serem apresentados aos demais participantes, ampliando o leque de assuntos abordados. Além de proporcionar aos estudantes interessados maior contato com temas específicos da área, a produção de resumos para apresentação é uma ferramenta para aprimoramento das técnicas de escrita e produção de conteúdo. Elaborar os trabalhos amplia os conhecimentos dos alunos sobre escrita científica e os aproxima do meio acadêmico científico. Ademais, o contato com professores e pesquisadores da área, que orientam os participantes durante o processo, cria canais de comunicação e abre novas oportunidades para os estudantes. Para esta edição do evento, os trabalhos foram selecionados pela Comissão Científica da Jornada, que verificou um alto nível nas submissões. Aqueles mais originais, relevantes e bem produzidos foram aprovados e compõem esse livro, mostrando à comunidade a qualidade dos estudantes e do conteúdo apresentado na XVII JASME. Os assuntos discutidos nos próximos capítulos, desenvolvidos por estudantes de cursos da área da saúde, abrangem a saúde mental por variados ângulos e sob diversas abordagens. Escolher alguns trabalhos significa, necessariamente, prescindir de outros. Cientes do desafio de estabelecer uma coletânea que tivesse o padrão de qualidade e a feição da UFMG sem nos obnubilar pela subjetividade, estabelecemos critérios objetivos e submetemos cada resumo à apreciação independente de pelo menos três integrantes da junta científica para apreciação. Por fim, aferimos que não houve divergência de rigor entre os subgrupos e selecionamos os trinta melhores, ou seja, os mais inovadores, bem escritos, objetivos e bem fundamentados. Procuramos, diante dos diversos recortes da pandemia da COVID-19, incluir aqueles que, em vez de vagos de tão abrangentes, descreviam impactos tangíveis, mensuráveis e inusitados, isto é, Relacionados a grupos que não têm sido abordados pela grande mídia e tampouco pelo profissional de saúde médio. Assim, cremos que os resumos a seguir são os que mais bem abordam tanto questões atemporais em saúde mental quanto aquelas que emergiram nos últimos meses e ainda não sabemos por quanto tempo perdurarão. Os trabalhos tratam desde questões relacionadas aos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de transtornos psiquiátricos aos aspectos do tratamento farmacológico. Com uma perspectiva atual e relevante para as condições de saúde vigente, as temáticas se relacionam com diversas áreas da saúde mental, como as consequências da pandemia da SARS-COV2, aspectos da saúde mental em jovens e idosos, condutas da saúde mental na saúde primária, psicofarmacologia, transtornos psiquiátricos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Schizophrenia , Social Isolation/psychology , Suicide , Bipolar Disorder , Aged , Cannabis/toxicity , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Mental Health , Adolescent , Health Personnel/psychology , Coronavirus Infections , Depression, Postpartum , Depression , Alcoholism , Pandemics , Autism Spectrum Disorder , Hypothyroidism/psychology
2.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 29(2 (Supl)): 203-210, abr.-jun. 2019.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1009937

ABSTRACT

Os transtornos do espectro autista (TEAs) são disfunções do desenvolvimento neurológico associadas à alteração de diversos sintomas comportamentais, nos quais se destacam a redução de interações sociais e a execução de atividades repetitivas. Atualmente, o tratamento farmacológico é limitado e parece contribuir para o desenvolvimento de morbidades cardiovasculares. Associado a esse perfil, o restrito e seletivo padrão alimentar, promove o desenvolvimento de diversas deficiências nutricionais, entre as quais, os ácidos graxos essenciais como o ômega-3 (ω-3). Nesta revisão sistemática, baseada em estudos randomizados e controlados, foram selecionados estudos realizados nos últimos 10 anos. Os resultados mostram que a heterogeneidade das populações estudadas com grande variação na dose e tipo de ω-3 administrados em tempos distintos de seguimento dificultam a avaliação precisa da eficácia da intervenção baseada no uso de ω-3. Desta forma, o uso de ω-3 como terapia adjuvante no tratamento de TEA não deve ser recomendado rotineiramente na prática clínica, apesar de sua essencialidade para o adequado desenvolvimento neurológico


Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental dysfunctions associated with a number of altered behavioral symptoms, including reduced social interactions and the performance of repetitive activities. Pharmacological treatment is currently limited, and appears to contribute to the development of cardiovascular morbidity. Associated with this profile, a restricted and selective dietary pattern promotes the development of several nutritional deficiencies, including essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 (ω-3). In this systematic review, based on randomized controlled trials, studies performed in the last 10 years were selected. The results show that the heterogeneity of the populations studied, with wide variation in the dose and type of ω-3 administered at different times during follow-up, hinder more precise assessment of the effectiveness of the intervention based on the use of ω-3. Thus, the use of ω-3 as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of ASDs should not be routinely recommended in clinical practice, even though it is essential for proper neurological development


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Autism Spectrum Disorder , Cardiovascular Diseases , Sex Factors , Nutritional Status , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Diet , Interpersonal Relations
4.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 62: e19180374, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055387

ABSTRACT

Abstract Cases of some grave side effects of some allopathic medicines used in treatment of infertility has caused a global need for alternatives with minimal or no side effect, hence the demand to evaluate the fertility enhancing potential of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) in male rats. This study evaluated the fertility enhancing potential of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) in male rats. Seventy-two sexually mature male albino rats 11-13 weeks of age, weighing between 171 - 180 g were assigned into six groups (I - VI) fed graded doses of O3FA. Administration of O3FA lasted twenty-eight days at 48 hour intervals. At the end of the treatment, organosomatic index of testes, testicular and epididymis sperm cells counts and testicular histology were assessed following standard methods. The actual and relative testicular weights, testicular and epididymis sperm counts of all O3FA treated rats were significantly increased (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group rats. The photomicrographs of testes in O3FA treated rats showed normal spermatogonial cell layers and active spermatogenesis with appearance of spermatids in the lumen of some tubules. The findings of this study depicts that O3FA possesses the potency of enhancing various fertility indices in male rats with regards to absolute and relative testicular weights as well as sperm counts.


Subject(s)
Animals , Sperm Count/instrumentation , Testis/anatomy & histology , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Infertility, Male/drug therapy , Rats, Wistar
5.
Braz. dent. j ; 29(2): 173-178, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951527

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the prophylactic and therapeutic supplementation with omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (w-3 PUFAs) on the lipid profile and periapical bone resorption in rats with apical periodontitis. Forty male rats were divided into groups: control rats (C), rats treated with w-3 PUFAs (C+O), rats with pulp exposure-induced apical periodontitis (AP), and rats with AP treated with w-3 PUFAs (AP+O). The administration of w-3 PUFAs was carried out orally once a day for 15 days before pulp exposure and, subsequently, for an additional 30 days after pulp exposure. AP was induced by exposing pulpal tissues to the oral environment. The samples were collected after 30 days. Triglycerides and cholesterol levels were enzymatically measured using the Trinder method. The jaws were collected and submitted for histological analysis. Two-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance was set at p<0.05. The triglyceride levels of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the C, C+O and AP+O groups (p<0.05). However, the difference in the cholesterol levels among the groups was not significant (p>0.05). Rats with AP showed larger areas of bone resorption as well as higher inflammatory intensity compared with rats with AP supplemented with w-3 PUFAs. It may be concluded that the presence of multiple AP foci increased the triglyceride levels. In addition, omega 3 supplementation might reduce these levels in rats with AP, as well as the bone resorption areas of periapical tissues.


Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da suplementação profilática e terapêutica com os ácidos graxos ômega-3 no perfil lipídico e na reabsorção óssea, em ratos com periodontite apical. Quarenta ratos machos foram divididos em grupos: ratos controle (C), ratos tratados com ácidos graxos ômega-3 (C+O), ratos com periodontite apical induzida por meio de exposição pulpar (PA), ratos com PA tratados com ácidos graxos ômega-3 (PA+O). A administração do ômega-3 foi realizada oralmente, uma vez ao dia durante 15 antes da exposição pulpar e, subsequentemente, por mais 30 dias depois da exposição pulpar. A PA foi induzida por meio da exposição do tecido pulpar ao ambiente oral. Após 30 dias, os ratos foram mortos e os níveis de triglicérides e colesterol foram mensurados pelo método enzimático de Trinder. As mandíbulas foram coletadas e submetidas à análise histológica. Análise de variância de dois fatores e teste de Kruskal-Wallis foram utilizados para análise estatística, e o nível de significância foi de p < 0,05. Os níveis de triglicérides do grupo PA foram significativamente maiores que dos grupos C, C+O e PA+O (p<0,05). Entretanto, não houve diferença significativa nos níveis de colesterol entre os grupos (p>0,05). Ratos com PA apresentaram maior área de reabsorção óssea bem como maior intensidade no infiltrado inflamatório comparados aos ratos com PA suplementados com ômega-3. Pode-se concluir que a presença de múltiplos focos de PA aumentou os níveis de triglicérides. Além disso, a suplementação com ômega-3 pode reduzir estes níveis em ratos com PA, bem como a área de reabsorção óssea dos tecidos periapicais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Periapical Periodontitis/blood , Triglycerides/blood , Bone Resorption/prevention & control , Hypertriglyceridemia/drug therapy , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Dietary Supplements , Periapical Periodontitis/pathology , Cholesterol/blood , Rats, Wistar
6.
Femina ; 46(1): 54-58, 29/02/2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1050103

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desta pesquisa é levantar a literatura científica sobre os benefícios do Ômega-3 na gestação, que se deu pelas bases de dados Scientifc Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Literatura Internacional em Ciências de Saúde (Medline) e National Library of Medicine (Pubmed) e Cochrane em literaturas nacionais e internacionais. Nesta pesquisa pode-se verificar que o ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA) é considerado como o principal tipo de Ômega-3 pelo fato de proporcionar benefícios para a saúde, que vão desde o desenvolvimento do cérebro e da retina do bebê, os quais têm início a partir da suplementação da mãe já na gestação. O acúmulo do Ômega-3 ocorre no último trimestre da gestação e o transporte se dá através da placenta, sendo depositado no cérebro e na retina do concepto. Ocorre também um acúmulo simultâneo nas glândulas mamárias durante esta fase. O recomendado pelo consenso é de 200mg/dia, independentemente da fonte utilizada para suplementação. O adequado aporte de Ômega-3 na gestação e no pós-natal tem influência positiva no desenvolvimento visual e do sistema nervoso do recém-nascido, influenciando também na inteligência e na intelectualidade do indivíduo na vida adulta. O Ômega-3 é importante também na prevenção e tratamento de diversas doenças como obesidade, doenças cardiovasculares, imunológicas, câncer de cólon, entre outras.(AU)


The objective of this research is to raise the scientific literature on the benefits of omega-3 during pregnancy, which occurred in research in databases Scientifc Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (Lilacs) , International Literature in Health Sciences (MEDLINE) and national Library of Medicine (PubMed) and the Cochrane in national and international literature, which can be seen that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is considered as the main type of Omega-3, the fact provide health benefits ranging from brain development and the baby's retina, which begins from the mother during pregnancy supplementation already. The Omega-3 accumulation occurs in the last trimester of pregnancy and the transport is through the placenta being deposited in the brain and retina of the fetus. It is also a simultaneous accumulation in the mammary glands during this phase. The recommended by consensus is 200 mg / day, regardless of the source used for supplementation. Adequate intake of omega-3 during pregnancy and in the postnatal has positive influences on visual development and the nervous system of the newborn, influencing also the intelligence and the individual intellect in adulthood. The Omega-3 is also important in the prevention and treatment of various diseases as obesity, cardiovascular, immune disorders, colon cancer, among others.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Prenatal Nutrition , Eicosapentaenoic Acid/therapeutic use , Docosahexaenoic Acids/therapeutic use , Databases, Bibliographic , alpha-Linolenic Acid/therapeutic use , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/therapeutic use
8.
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr ; 42: 1-6, Dec. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-881538

ABSTRACT

Psoriasis is an immune mediated chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and inappropriate immune activation, which affects the skin and joints as well.The immunopathogenesis of psoriasis involves changes in the innate and acquired (T lymphocytes) immune system. The cells of the innate immune system when activated produce growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines that act on cells of the acquired immune system and vice versa, being characterized as atype 1 immune response disease. Fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), reduce symptoms in many inflammatory skin diseases. The mechanism of action of fish oil in the treatment of psoriasis is widely based on the alteration of epidermal and blood cell membrane lipid composition. In the present study, we performed a review of the several studies, which analyzed the action of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with psoriasis. Taken together, the majority of the studies showed that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly from marine origin, have beneficial effects and can be utilized as adjuvant therapy in psoriasis treatment. Both oral and intravenous administration of fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids had positive effects. However, further studies are warranted to answer many intriguing questions, for instance, the ideal quantity of fish oil to be utilized, the effect on different forms and severity of psoriasis and last, but not least, the consequences of using fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the cardiovascular features of patients with psoriasis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/immunology , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Psoriasis/therapy , Fish Oils/therapeutic use
9.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(8): 2659-2669, Ago. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890423

ABSTRACT

Abstract Hypertriglyceridemia is common in antiretroviral therapy-treated patients and Omega 3 fatty acids are being used as a intervention in reducing serum triglycerides (TG) in these patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of Omega 3 in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy. This study is a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Electronic databases - PubMed, Cochrane and Lilacs were researched. Fifty one articles were encountered. Nine were added to the meta-analysis. The reduction of triglycerides level was -77.55 mg (IC of -121.85 to -33.25) in Omega 3 groups. The analysis considering trials with more than 1000 mg of EPA/DHA included seven studies and the heterogeneity dropped to 0%.The reduction of combined averages was -101.56mg (IC of -145.76 to -57.37). The analysis considering trials with patients that had more than 200 mg/dL of initial triglycerides included also seven trials and the heterogeneity dropped to 0%. The reduction of combined averages was -114.15 mg (IC of -162.34 to -65.97). EPA/DHA supplementation reduces serum triglycerides levels in patients with HIV/AIDS-associated hypertriglyceridemia in stable use of antiretroviral therapy.


Resumo A hipertrigliceridemia é comum em pacientes tratados com terapia antirretroviral e os ácidos graxos ômega 3 estão sendo usados como uma intervenção na redução triglicérides séricos (TG) nesses pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a eficácia do uso do ômega 3 no tratamento da hipertrigliceridemia em pacientes com HIV/Aids em terapia antirretroviral. Este estudo é uma revisão sistemática com metanálise de ensaios clínicos randomizados. As bases de dados eletrônicas - PubMed, Cochrane e Lilacs foram pesquisadas. Cinquenta e um artigos foram encontrados. Nove incluídos na metanálise. A redução do nível de triglicerídios foi -77.55 mg (IC de -121,85 a - 33,25) no grupo com Omega 3. A análise considerando ensaios com mais de 1000 mg de EPA/DHA incluiu sete estudos e a heterogeneidade caiu para 0%. A redução das médias combinada foi -101.56 mg (IC de -145,76 a -57,37). A análise considerando ensaios com doentes que tinham mais do que 200 mg/dL, de triglicéridos iniciais incluiu também sete ensaios e a heterogeneidade caiu para 0%. A redução das médias combinada foi -114.15 mg (IC de -162,34 a -65,97). A suplementação de EPA/DHA reduz níveis de triglicérides séricos em pacientes com hipertrigliceridemia associada ao HIV/AIDS em uso de terapia antirretroviral estável.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertriglyceridemia/drug therapy , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Triglycerides/blood , Hypertriglyceridemia/etiology , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use
10.
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2017; 33 (4): 1022-1028
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-188633

ABSTRACT

Objective: During the treatment of diseases such as angiocardiopathy, blood lipid abnormalities and metabolic syndrome, omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids [PUFA] can reduce plasma lipids and improve cardiovascular status, thus ameliorating disease severity. We aimed to explore the effects of PUFA supplementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]


Methods: A systematic literature search was performed during March 2016 for randomized controlled trials using PUFA or fish oil supplementation in patients with NAFLD or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]


All Randomized controlled trials were retrieved from MEDLINE and EMBASE database up to date [March 2016]


A meta-analysis of key outcomes [serum level of liver enzymes and lipids] were identified in these studies. The mean difference [MD] and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were used as measures of effect size


Results: Thirteen studies were included, consisting of 266 patients in the PUFA group and 402 cases in the control group. Serum level of alanine aminotransferase [ALT] was lower in the PUFA group than that in in the controls [MD=-9.18, 95% Cl [-12.41, -5.96], P <0.00001]. However, PUFA treatment did not affect aspartate aminotransferase [AST] [MD=-5.Q7, 95% Cl [-12.65, 2.51], P= 0.19], gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT] [MD=-1.91, 95% Cl [-4.15, 0.33], P <0.009]


Conclusions: PUFA supplementation may affects serum level of ALT and improve liver function in patients with NAFLD


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Review Literature as Topic , Meta-Analysis as Topic , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Alanine Transaminase
11.
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr ; 41: 1-10, Dec. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-880606

ABSTRACT

Seafood lipids encompass important healthy nutrients, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), whichmay have a significant effect on human cardiovascular health and needs to be supplied by the human diet. Particularly, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are the most abundant n-3 PUFA present in seafood and have an impact on the cardiovascular health. DHA and EPA are deemed to display anti-inflammatory, cell membrane modulation, and biophysical properties, thereby offsetting the pro-inflammatory effects of n-6 PUFA, and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Consumption of large amounts of n-3 PUFA exerts a positive effect on a wide array of cardiovascular health concerns ranging from hypertension and atherosclerosis to myocardial infarction and stroke. Infact, animal studies indicate that n-3 PUFAs play a bioactive cardiovascular protective role. Therefore, it is recommended up to two servings of fatty fish per week or up to 500 mg/day of EPA and DHA (World Health Organization).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Biological Availability , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Seafood/analysis
12.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 29(4): 507-518, July-Aug. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-789061

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da suplementação com ômega-3 nas subfrações das lipoproteínas de alta densidade em indivíduos tabagistas. Métodos Ensaio clínico, randomizado, duplo-cego. Foi selecionada uma amostra com 33 tabagistas, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 30 e 60 anos, suplementados com ômega-3 (n=17) ou placebo (ácidos graxos ômega-6, n=16) por dois meses. As subfrações das lipoproteínas de alta densidade foram analisadas pelo sistema Lipoprint. Os testes estatísticos foram realizados com o auxílio do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 20.0. Resultados A média de idade foi 49 anos, com predominância da raça branca. Após a intervenção, o grupo ômega-3 modificou positivamente o perfil lipídico e as subfrações das lipoproteínas de alta densidade dos tabagistas. Nos modelos de regressão linear testados, o percentual de ácido docosahexaenoico plasmático apresentou associações negativas com o percentual das lipoproteínas de alta densidade-pequena. Conclusão A suplementação com ômega-3 está associada a uma alteração favorável na distribuição das subfrações das lipoproteínas de alta densidade, aumentando as lipoproteínas de alta densidade-grande e diminuindo as lipoproteínas de alta densidade-pequena. Isso reforça a importância do ômega-3 na saúde cardiovascular de indivíduos tabagistas.


ABSTRACT Objective To assess the effect of omega-3 supplementation on smokers' high density lipoprotein subfractions. Methods This randomized, double-blind clinical trial included 33 male and female smokers aged 30 to 60 years. The sample took omega-3 fatty acids (n=17) or placebo (omega-6 fatty acids, n=16) for two months. The Lipoprint system analyzed the high density lipoprotein subfractions. The statistical tests were performed by the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20.0. Results The mean age of the sample was 49 years, and most individuals were white. After the intervention, the lipid profile and high density lipoprotein subfractions of the omega-3 group improved. In the tested linear regression models, the percentage of plasma docosahexaenoic acid was negatively associated with the percentage of small high density lipoprotein. Conclusion Omega-3 supplementation is associated with a favorable change in the distribution of high density lipoprotein subfractions, increasing the large and reducing the small high density lipoproteins. This finding reinforces the importance of omega-3 fatty acids for smokers' cardiovascular health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Tobacco Use Disorder/drug therapy , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Lipoproteins/drug effects
13.
Hig. aliment ; 30(256/257): 33-37, maio/junho 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1359

ABSTRACT

Este estudo visou analisar os benefícios do ácido graxo ômega-3 na prevenção e tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, na qual, o levantamento das informações se deu no ambiente virtual, nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências Sociais e da Saúde, Scientific Eletronic Library OnLine e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, consultando periódicos nacionais e internacionais. Para a pesquisa, foram utilizados 14 estudos científicos. Quanto aos efeitos benéficos do ômega-3 na hipertensão, pôde-se observar que o efeito é reduzido, no entanto, para pessoas que têm pressão alta, o consumo de peixe (fonte de ômega-3) pode atuar junto ao tratamento medicamentoso. Observou-se, também, que o consumo equilibrado de ácidos graxos ômega-3 é essencial para a saúde. Pôde-se concluir, portanto, que o ômega-3 diminui e/ou inibe, mesmo que em pequena escala, o risco do desenvolvimento de doenças hipertensiva e auxilia no tratamento.


This study aimed to analyze the benefits of omega-3 fatty acid in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. And, this was an integrative literature review, in which the gathering of information took place in the virtual environment, in the following scientific bases: Latin American and Caribbean Social and Health Sciences, Scientific Electronic Library OnLine and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, consulting national and international journals. For the study, we used 14 scientific studies. And, as the beneficial effects of omega-3 in hypertension, it was observed that the effect is small, but for those who have high blood pressure fish consumption can help, along with medicines and other dietary changes. There was also a balanced intake of omega-3 fatty acids are essential for health. Thus, based on literature analyzed, it can be concluded that the omega 3 decreases or inhibits, even on a small scale, the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and assists in the treatment, including hypertension.


Subject(s)
Primary Prevention , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Hypertension/prevention & control , Hypertension/therapy , Prevalence , Fishes , Diet, Healthy , Hypertension/epidemiology
14.
Rio de janeiro; s.n; 2015. 112 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1008465

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi avaliar se a suplementação com ômega (ω)-3 no tratamento não cirúrgico da periodontite melhora os resultados clínicos e imunológicos. Avaliar os níveis séricos dos ω-3 e ω-6 na doença periodontal, investigar se o tratamento periodontal associado ou não a suplementação com ω-3 afeta os níveis séricos destes. Assim como avaliar a expressão de um painel de citocinas relacionadas a osteoclatogênese no fluido gengival (FG) de sítios dos pacientes com gengivite e periodontite, adicionalmente relacionar estas citocinas a densidade óptica do osso alveolar destes sítios. Por fim, investigar se as terapias propostas neste estudo afetam os parâmetros clínicos periodontais, a densidade óptica do osso alveolar e a expressão das citocinas no FG. Para isso foi realizado um ensaio clínico piloto, randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado-placebo, com vinte e um pacientes com periodontite e dezesseis com gengivite. Estes foram investigados para os níveis séricos dos ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de cadeia longa (AGPI-CL), ácido eicosapentaenóico (EPA), ácido docosahexaenóico (DHA), ácidos docosapentaenóico (DPA), o ácido araquidônico (AA) usando cromatografia gasosa. O FG dos sítios controle-gengivite, controle-periodontite e destruído de pacientes com periodontite foi avaliado para Receptor ativador do fator nuclear kappa-B ligante (RANK-L), osteoprotegerina (OPG), a osteocalcina (OC), fator de necrose tumoral (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleucina (IL) -1ß, IL-4, IL-6 e IL-10, utilizando imunoensaio multiplex. Pacientes com periodontite foram subagrupados em grupos com e sem Síndrome Metabólica para avaliação dos AGPI-CL. Sítios dos pacientes com periodontite foram subagrupados em sítios sem e com considerável desmineralização ópticas baseado na avaliação da densidade óptica alveolar representada pelos valores de pixels das radiografias intraorais digitais para avaliação das citocinas no FG. Pacientes com periodontite foram randomizados em raspagem e alisamento radicular mais suplementação com ω-3 (RAR+ω-3) ou placebo (RAR+placebo), e foram reavaliados depois de quatro meses para AGPI-CL no soro, citocinas no FG e densidade alveolar óptica. Os níveis significativamente maiores dos AGPI-CLs foram observados em pacientes com periodontite em comparação com gengivite. A profundidade de bolsa mostrou uma correlação positiva significativa com DHA, DPA e AA. Após RAR+ω-3, DPA, AA, AA/EPA e AA/DHA reduziram significativamente, e depois da RAR+placebo todos os níveis dos AGPI-CLs reduziram significativamente. Os níveis das citocinas, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, RANK-L e OC, no FG de sítios controle-gengivite foram menores comparados aos sítios controle-periodontite e destruído. O mesmo resultado foi observado para os níveis da IL-1ß, IL-6 e OPG em comparação com sítios destruídos. Pacientes com periodontite apresentaram níveis mais baixos de IL-1ß e OPG em sítios controle-periodontite comparado aos destruídos. Após RAR+ω-3, o nível da IL-4 aumentou e os níveis de OC, IFN-γ e IL-10 diminuíram. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos experimentais para a densidade alveolar óptica e parâmetros. Em conclusão, os níveis séricos dos AGPI-CLs são afetados pela gravidade de doença periodontal e diferem com a presença da síndrome metabólica. Citocinas relacionadas a osteoclatogênese no FG refletem a gravidade periodontal e diferem com densidade óptica alveolar alterada. A suplementação com ω-3 não melhora clinica ou imunologicamente o resultado do tratamento periodontal.


The aim was to test whether omega (ω)-3 supplementation associated to non-surgical treatment of periodontitis improves clinical and immunological results. Evaluate the serum levels of ω-3 and ω-6 in periodontal disease, hence, to investigate whether periodontal treatment with or without ω-3 supplementation affects serum levels of these. Therefore, to evaluate the expression of a panel of cytokines related to osteoclastogenesis in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sites of patients with gingivitis and periodontitis, additionally relate these cytokines with optical alveolar bone density in these sites. Finally, to investigate whether the therapies proposed in this study affect the clinical periodontal parameter, the optical density of the alveolar bone and the expression of cytokines in GCF. Then was conducted a pilot clinical trial, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, with twenty-one patients with periodontitis and sixteen with gingivitis. These were investigated for blood levels of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), arachidonic acid (AA) using gas chromatography. The GCF of the sites of control-gingivitis, control-periodontitis and destroyed from patients periodontitis were evaluated for receptor activator of kappa-B ligand nuclear factor (RANK-L), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, interferon (IFN) -γ, interleukin (IL) -1ß, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 using multiplex immunoassay. Patients with periodontitis were subgrouped in groups with and without metabolic syndrome to evaluate the LC-PUFA. Sites of patients with periodontitis were subgrouped at sites with and without considerable optical demineralization based on the evaluation of alveolar optical density represented by the pixel values of the digital intraoral radiographs for evaluation of cytokines in GCF. Patients were randomized into the periodontal scaling and root planing more ω-3 supplementation (ω-3 SRP +) or placebo (SRP + placebo), and were assessed after four months to LC-PUFA in serum, cytokines in GCF and alveolar optical density. The significantly higher levels of LC-PUFA were observed in patients with periodontitis compared to gingivitis. The pocket depth showed a significant positive correlation with DHA, DPA and AA. After RAR + ω-3, APD, AA, AA / AA and EPA / DHA reduced significantly, and, after SRP + placebo, all levels of LC-PUFA reduced significantly. The levels of cytokines, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and OC RANK-L, from controlgingivitis sites GCF were lower compared to control-periodontitis and destroyed sites. The same result was observed for levels of IL-1ß, IL-6 and OPG compared to destroyed sites. Periodontitis patients had lower levels of IL-1ß and OPG in control-periodontitis compared to destroyed sites. After SRP + ω-3, the level of IL-4 and OC increased and levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 decreased. There were no significant differences between the experimental groups to optical density and clinical parameters. In conclusion, serum levels of LC-PUFA are affected by periodontal disease severity and differ in the presence of the metabolic syndrome. Cytokines related to osteoclastogenesis in GCF reflect the periodontal severity and differ with impaired alveolar optical density. Ω-3 supplementation does not improve clinical or immune result of non-surgical periodontal treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Periodontitis/therapy , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Dietary Supplements , Gingivitis/therapy , Periodontal Diseases/immunology , Radiography , Bone Density , Cytokines , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/immunology , Combined Modality Therapy
15.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 54(6): 459-466, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-731276

ABSTRACT

Diversos estudos têm demonstrado a habilidade dos ácidos graxos ômega-3 em reduzir asconcentrações de proteína C-reativa (PCR), eicosanoides pró-inflamatórios, citocinas, quimiocinas e de outros biomarcadores da inflamação. Por essas propriedades, a suplementação com essa classe de lipídeos pode representar terapia adicional ao tratamento de doençasinflamatórias crônicas sistêmicas, como o lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) e outrasdoenças reumáticas. O papel dessa classe de lipídeos no LES ainda não está bem estabelecido. No entanto, parece haver relação entre o consumo deste tipo de gordura e a diminuiçãodas manifestações e da atividade inflamatória da doença. Sendo assim, este artigo apresentarevisão da literatura científica sobre os efeitos dos ácidos graxos ômega-3 em pacientescom LES. Realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico junto aos bancos de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), utizando-se como palavras-chave: lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES), ácidos graxos poli-insaturados ômega-3, ácido eicosapentaenoico(EPA), ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA), antioxidantes e dieta. Foram incluídos artigos publicados até setembro de 2013. Quarenta e três artigos relacionados ao tema foram encontrados. Após limitar a busca apenas para estudos realizados em seres humanos foram encontrados 15 artigos, sendo três de revisão e 12 ensaios clínicos.


Various studies have demonstrated the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on the concentration of C reactive protein (CRP), pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, cytokines, chemokines and other inflammatory mediators. Therefore, the supplementation of these types of lipids may represent additional option treatment for chronic systemic diseases, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematous and other rheumatic diseases. The role of these lipids has not been well established, yet. However, it seems there is a direct relationship between its intake and the decrease of the disease clinical manifestations as well as of the inflammatory status of the patients. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to present a thorough review on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids in patients with SLE. Bibliographic data set as the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) were searched using as key words: systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3, eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), docosahexanoic acid (DHA), antioxidants and diet. Manuscripts published up to September 2013 were included. There were 43 articles related to the topic, however only 15 pertained human studies, with three review articles and 12 clinical studies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use
16.
Egyptian Journal of Histology [The]. 2013; 36 (3): 579-591
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-187227

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem that is characterized by high blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease, and leads to inflammation and destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets. Fish oil [commonly known as Omega-3] is one of the most important polyunsaturated fatty acids that has an anti-inflammatory and an antioxidant activity. Therefore, there is growing evidence that dietary intake of Omega-3 could be useful in diabetes prevention


Aim: The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of Omega-3 administration on the pancreatic architecture of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male albino rats


Materials and methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were used in the study. They were divided into three groups. In group I, 10 animals served as a control group. The rest of the animals were administered an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin; then, rats that were found to be diabetic were divided into two groups: group II included 10 animals that served as a model of induced diabetes and were left without treatment for 4 weeks and group III included 10 animals that received a daily oral dose of Omega-3 for 4 weeks after the onset of diabetes. Finally, pancreatic specimens were collected and processed for immunohistochemical staining and for light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic examination


Results: Induction of diabetes led to marked degeneration of pancreatic islets with distortion of exocrine acini. Administration of Omega-3 led to normal appearance of the islet and acinar cells, with the formation of new islet cell clusters in close contact to pancreatic ducts. The duct showed a positive reaction against anti-insulin antibodies


Conclusion: This study suggested that the administration of Omega-3 in a diabetic state promotes beta-cell regeneration from potent islet progenitor cells present in the ductal cells and these lead to restoration of the functional activities of the pancreas


Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Pancreas/pathology , Histology , Immunohistochemistry , Protective Agents , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Rats
17.
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine ; : 609-613, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-175086

ABSTRACT

We report the case of a patient who experienced extreme recurrent gestational hyperlipidemia. She was diagnosed with partial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency but without an associated LPL gene mutation in the presence of the apolipoprotein E3/2 genotype. This is the first reported case of extreme gestational hyperlipidemia with a partial LPL deficiency in the absence of an LPL gene mutation and the apolipoprotein E 3/2 genotype. She was managed with strict dietary control and medicated with omega-3 acid ethyl esters. A patient with extreme hyperlipidemia that is limited to the gestational period should be considered partially LPL-deficient. Extreme instances of hyperlipidemia increase the risk of acute pancreatitis, and the effect of parturition on declining plasma lipid levels can be immediate and dramatic. Therefore, decisions regarding the timing and route of delivery with extreme gestational hyperlipidemia are critical and should be made carefully.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Acute Disease , Apolipoprotein E2/genetics , Apolipoprotein E3/genetics , Biomarkers/blood , Combined Modality Therapy , Diet, Fat-Restricted , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Fluid Therapy , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I/blood , Lipids/blood , Lipoprotein Lipase/genetics , Pancreatitis/diagnosis , Parenteral Nutrition, Total , Phenotype , Pregnancy Complications/blood , Recurrence , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
18.
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr ; 32(2): 129-145, 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-882072

ABSTRACT

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are structurally, functionally and metabolically different. Such fatty acids play opposite biological functions by their intervention in numerous physiological processes such as blood coagulation and inflammatory and immunological responses, thus affecting the development of chronic diseases. Such effects are in part due to the differences in the concentration of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the diet, i.e. a large intake of omega 6 in contrast to a small one for the omega 3. This paper analyses several issues with respect to the biological role of these fatty acids in the development of chronic diseases, as well as their characteristics in the context of food intake


Los ácidos grasos omega-3 y omega-6 además de ser estructuralmente diferentes, se distinguen también funcional y metabolitamente. Es os ácidos grasos realizan funciones biológicas opuestas, participan en numerosos processos fisiológicos, tales como: coagulación de la sangrey en las respuestas inflamatoria e inmunológica, influyendo de esta forma el proceso de aparecimiento de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Esa influencia se debe, en parte,a la concentración desproporcionada de ácidos grasos omega-3 y omega-6 que la dieta contiene. Una elevada concentración de ácidos grasos omega-6 frente a una escasez de omega-3. La finalidad de este estudio es analizar el papel biológico de eso ácidos grasos en el proceso de aparecimiento de enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles, así como presentar sus características en el contexto de la ingestión alimentar.


Os ácidos graxos das séries ômega 3 e 6 são estruturalmente diferentes, assim, como o são funcional e metabolicamente. Tais ácidos graxos desempenham funções biológicas opostas, intervindo em numerosos processos fisiológicos tais como, a coagulação do sangue e as respostas inflamatórias e imunológicas, influenciando assim no processo de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Tal influência é devida, em parte, à desproporção da concentração dos ácidos graxos ômega 3 e ômega 6, existente na dieta, ou seja, uma grande concentração de ácidos graxos ômega 6, frente à escassez de ômega 3. Assim, o presente estudo se propôs a analisar as questões referentes ao papel biológico de tais ácidos graxos no processo de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, bem como apresentar suas características no contexto da ingestão dietética


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids, Omega-3/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Fatty Acids, Omega-6/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Omega-6/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/diet therapy , Eating
19.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull ; 2006 Dec; 32(3): 72-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-341

ABSTRACT

Recent studies primarily in man have shown that cod fish oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are beneficial to certain inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis. This study was undertaken to observe any change in intestinal secretion where the tissues have been treated with cod fish and sunflower oils. Male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200 gms were fed omega-3 fatty acids for 50 days. Changes in colonic secretion (fed with PUFA) were studied in-vitro in an Ussing chamber. Rat colon which were not fed with PUFA served as controls. Basal intestinal short circuit in PUFA group were comparable with control group in stripped rat colon. The results showed significant high short circuit current in cod fish oil and sunflower oil treated tissues. When stripped colonic tissues (fed with PUFA) were stimulated by EC50 of carbachol, bradykinin and prostaglandin; there was no significant changes in Short circuit current. PGE2 and LTB4 levels were measured in rat colon fed with PUFA by using radioimmunoassay. Biochemical changes in PGE2 and LTB4 levels showed LTB4 were significantly raised in both cod fish oil group and sunflower oil group. This study reveals that intestinal permeability increases in the rat colon (fed with PUFA) as indicated by high short circuit current. The high levels of leukotriene in colonic tissues also explains the high basal short circuit current in the present study.


Subject(s)
Animals , Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy , Colon/drug effects , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/therapeutic use , Fish Oils/therapeutic use , Inflammation , Male , Phospholipids , Rats
20.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2005 Nov; 103(11): 596, 598-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-103121

ABSTRACT

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are forerunners of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and are now recognised as prediabetes states. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with these conditions and there are many studies such as the Da Quin IGT and DM study; Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study(DPS); The Diabetes Prevention Program(DPP) which have clearly shown the efficacy and supremacy of diet intervention in controlling progression of the prediabetes state to type 2 DM. Weight reduction, increasing physical activity and restricting not only total calories but also deriving them from more healthy sources by reducing the total intake of fat, changing n-6 PUFA to n-3 PUFA, increasing the intake of fibre rich carbohydrates and the use of antioxidants have not only long-term health benefits but also can be a very useful cost-effective tool to overcome the burden of type 2 DM in our country. Prevention of type 2 DM is not a dream but a reality and this can be achieved from a path through our kitchen. Faulty nutrition seems to be the main culprit in this wide-spread epidemic of diabetes and nutritional therapy in prediabetes state appears to be the only option in our hands.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy , Disease Progression , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/therapeutic use , Fatty Acids, Omega-6/adverse effects , Glucose Intolerance/physiopathology , Health Behavior , Humans , Metabolic Syndrome/diet therapy , Nutritional Status , Prediabetic State/diet therapy , Self Care
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